Java Variable Declaration and Initialization: Best Practices

Rumman Ansari   Software Engineer   2024-09-28 07:10:32   47206  Share
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Table of Content:

Variable Declaration and initialization

Variables are used to represent values that may be changed in the program. In Java, all variables must be declared before they can be used. The basic form of a variable declaration is shown here: 

 type identifier [ = value][, identifier [= value] ...] ;
  • The type is one of Java’s primitive types or the name of a class or interface.
  • The identifier is the name of the variable. You can initialize the variable by specifying an equal sign and a value. Keep in mind
  • You can initialize the variable by specifying an equal sign and a value. Keep in mind that the initialization expression must result in a value of the same (or compatible) type as that specified for the variable.
  • To declare more than one variable of the specified type, use a comma-separated list.

int Variable Declaration and Variable Initialization in two steps:

Save Source File Name as : IntExample1.java
To compile : javac IntExample1.java
To Run : java IntExample1

Example :

// A Java program to demonstrate int data type
class IntExample1 {
   public static void main(String args[])
     {
           int age;  // Declaration of variable age
           age = 20;  // initialization of the variable age
           System.out.println(age);
     }
  }
Output : 
 20
 press any key to continue ...

Types of variable with respect to data type:

Variable Delcaration:

Here are examples of how to declare variables of all the primitive data types in Java: 

data_type variable_name ;

byte    myByte;
short   myShort;
char    myChar;
int     myInt;
long    myLong;
float   myFloat;
double  myDouble;

Here myByte, myShort, myChar, myInt, myLong, myFloat, myDouble all are variable name which have data type byte, short, char, int, long, float, double respectively


Here are examples of how to declare variables of the object types in Java: 

Byte       myObjectByte;
Short      myObjectShort;
Character  myObjectChar;
Integer    myObjectInt;
Long       myObjectLong;
Float      myObjectFloat;
Double     myObjectDouble;
String     myObjectString;

Notice the uppercase first letter of the object types.

Here myObjectByte, myObjectShort, myObjectChar, myObjectInt, myObjectLong, myObjectFloat, myObjectDouble all are variable name which have data type Byte, Short, Char, Int, Long, Float, Double respectively

Variable initialization:

Here are examples of how to variables are initialize to all the primitive data types in Java: 

myByte = 21 ;
myShort = 22;
myChar = 'A';
myInt = 232 ;
myLong = 2121314312321;
myFloat = 23.54f ;
myDouble = 12441124124.4343;

Here are examples of how to initialize variables of the object types in Java: 

 
myObjectByte = 21 ;
myObjectShort = 22;
myObjectChar = 'A';
myObjectInt = 232 ;
myObjectLong = 2121314312321;
myObjectFloat = 23.54f ;
myObjectDouble = 12441124124.4343;