Q: Which ancient Indian text is considered one of the earliest examples of political science and governance?  

The "Arthashastra," written by Kautilya (Chanakya), is one of the earliest and most comprehensive texts on political science and governance in ancient India. Dating back to the 4th century BCE, it provides detailed insights into statecraft, administration, military strategy, and economic policies. The text outlines various strategies for maintaining power and stability within a kingdom, and it is highly regarded for its pragmatic approach to governance. The "Bhagavad Gita," "Ramayana," and "Mahabharata" are also significant ancient texts, but they focus more on philosophy, ethics, and epic narratives rather than practical aspects of political science and governance.