Wireless mobile and connection - Quiz

Wireless communication is a method of sending data from one location to another without using physical mediums such as cables or wires. This is achieved through the use of wireless networks, which use radio frequency waves to transmit data through the airwaves. In contrast, wired communication involves the use of physical mediums such as copper wires, fiber-optic cables, or coaxial cables to transmit data. While wired communication is generally faster and more reliable, wireless communication provides the flexibility of mobility and convenience, making it the preferred choice for many applications such as mobile communication, internet access, and IoT devices.

Wireless communication refers to the transmission of information over a distance without using wires or cables. Examples of wireless communication include Wi-Fi, mobiles, Zigbee wireless technology, cordless telephones, GPS, satellite television, and wireless computer parts. Landline, on the other hand, uses physical wires to transmit information, making it a wired form of communication.

MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) is a wireless communication technology that uses multiple antennas to transmit and receive data signals. Spatial Multiplexing (SM) is a transmission technique used in MIMO wireless communication to transmit encoded data signals independently and separately (called streams) from each of the multiple transmit antennas.

The 3G evolution of GSM, IS-136, and PDC systems is facilitated by W-CDMA (Wideband CDMA). It is based on the network fundamentals of GSM and merged versions of GSM and IS-136 through EDGE, while GPRS, EDGE, and HSCSD are 2.5G networks.

IEEE 802.11 is a set of media access control and physical layer specifications for implementing wireless local area networks (WLANs). The standard was founded in 1987 to begin standardization of spread spectrum WLANs for use in the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) bands. IEEE 802.16 is a standard for broadband wireless access networks, IEEE 802.15 is a standard for wireless personal area networks, and IEEE 802.3 is a standard for wired Ethernet networks.

Micro cell zone concept is used to distribute the coverage of the cell and extends the cell boundary to hard-to-reach places. This is a solution to the problem of an increased number of handoffs when using sectoring, which results in an increase of load on switching. Micro cells have smaller coverage areas and lower power requirements, making them ideal for improving coverage in areas where a macro cell cannot provide adequate coverage.

Multipath propagation occurs when a signal from a transmitter reaches the receiver through multiple paths, resulting in interference and distortion of the original signal. Rapid changes in signal strength over a small travel distance, random frequency modulation due to varying Doppler shifts on different multipath signals, and time dispersion caused by multipath propagation delays are effects caused by multipath. The power of the base station is not an effect caused by multipath.

Lattice equalizer is a digital signal processing technique used in communication systems. It is used to equalize the channel distortion caused by the physical characteristics of the transmission medium. The lattice equalizer structure is more complicated than a linear transversal equalizer, but it has several advantages that make it a popular choice for equalization in communication systems. One of the advantages of the lattice equalizer is faster convergence. The equalizer can achieve a steady-state solution in a shorter time compared to other equalization techniques. Another advantage is numerical stability. The equalizer is designed to be numerically stable, which means it can handle small changes in the input data without causing large errors in the output data. This is an important property for a communication system since data transmission may be subject to noise and interference. The lattice equalizer also has a unique structure that allows for dynamic assignment of the most effective length of the equalizer. This makes it suitable for channels with varying characteristics, and it can adapt to changes in the channel condition in real-time. However, a simple structure is not one of the advantages of the lattice equalizer. In conclusion, the lattice equalizer has several advantages, including faster convergence, numerical stability, and dynamic assignment. While the structure of the equalizer is more complicated than a linear transversal equalizer, its unique structure and properties make it a popular choice for equalization in communication systems.

Various standards like GSM, US digital cellular (USDC), and Pacific Digital Cellular (PDC) have adopted digital TDMA for high capacity. However, IS-95 does not utilize TDMA.

Paging systems typically involve high-power transmitters, allowing the paging signal to penetrate buildings easily, and low-power receivers, enabling extended usage time and the use of lightweight batteries.