- AHimalayas
- BWestern Ghats
- CAravalli Range
- DEastern Ghats
Tamil Nadu is defined by the lush Western Ghats and the semi-arid Deccan Plateau in the west.
The Western Ghats mountain range defines Tamil Nadu's western boundary. This mountain range is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is known for its biodiversity. The range stretches for over 1,600 kilometers and is home to over 100 different species of mammals, over 500 species of birds, and over 2,000 different species of plants.
The Pallava dynasty ruled Tamil Nadu from the 3rd to the 9th century.
The state borders of Tamil Nadu were redrawn linguistically by the States Reorganisation Act in 1956.
According to epigraphist Iravatham Mahadevan, the Neolithic stone celt discovered in Sembian-Kandiyur near Mayiladuthurai was the first datable artifact bearing the Indus script to be found in Tamil Nadu, dating back to between 1500 BCE and 2000 BCE.
The ASI archaeologists have proposed that the script used at the Adichanallur site is Tamil Brahmi, which they consider "very rudimentary," and date it somewhere between the 5th century BCE and 3rd century BCE.
About 60% of the total epigraphical inscriptions found by the ASI in India are from Tamil Nadu, and most of these are in the Tamil language.
The sentence in the passage reads: "In Attirampakkam near Chennai, archaeologists from the Sharma Centre for Heritage Education excavated ancient stone tools..."
Rajaraja Chola I conquered all of peninsular South India and parts of Sri Lanka.
The Pandyan dynasty had extensive trade links with the southeast Asian maritime empires of Srivijaya and their successors, as well as contacts, even formal diplomatic contacts, reaching as far as the Roman Empire. During the 13th century, Marco Polo mentioned the Pandyas as the richest empire in existence. They controlled the pearl fisheries along the south coast of India, between Sri Lanka and India, which produced some of the finest pearls in the known ancient world.
Kattabomman was the Palaiyakkara chief of Panchalakurichi who fought the British in the First Polygar War. He was captured by the British at the end of the war and hanged near Kayattar in 1799.