decimal integer : %d Example using printf and scanf function

C Programming Language Overview of C Language (Article) Overview of C Language (Program)

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Program:

#include <stdio.h> 
int main() 
{ 
    int a = 0; 
    scanf("%d", &a); // input is 45 
    printf("%d\n", a); 
    return 0; 
}

Output:

45
45
Press any key to continue . . .

Explanation:

scanf(char *format, arg1, arg2, …)

This function take input using standard input (keyboard) and store it in variable accordingly. It returns the number of items successfully read. Formal parameter arg1, agr2, .. must be a pointer

The given code is a C program that reads an integer from the user using the scanf() function and prints it to the console using the printf() function.

Here's how it works:

  • The #include <stdio.h> line includes the standard input/output library in the program.
  • The main() function is the entry point of the program.
  • An integer variable a is declared and initialized with the value 0.
  • The scanf() function is used to read an integer input from the user and store it in the variable a. The %d format specifier is used to indicate that an integer input is expected.
  • The & symbol before a in the scanf() function is used to pass the address of a as an argument. This is necessary because scanf() needs to modify the value of a.
  • The printf() function is used to print the value of a to the console using the %d format specifier.
  • The \n character is used to insert a newline after the output is printed.
  • Finally, the return 0; statement terminates the program and returns 0 to the operating system indicating that the program executed successfully.

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