Nalanda was a prominent center of learning and culture during the Gupta period, known for its ancient university that attracted scholars from various parts of Asia. Established in the 5th century CE, the Nalanda University was a leading center of education, specializing in subjects such as philosophy, mathematics, astronomy, and medicine. It was renowned for its extensive library and scholarly activities, and it played a crucial role in the intellectual and cultural life of ancient India. Varanasi, Pataliputra, and Taxila were also significant cities, but Nalanda is particularly famous for its role as an academic and cultural hub during the Gupta era.