Antennas are critical components in communication systems that convert electrical signals into radio waves for transmission and vice versa for reception. They are designed to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves efficiently, enabling wireless communication. Antennas come in various shapes and sizes, tailored to specific frequencies and applications, including radio, television, mobile phones, and satellite communications. Proper antenna design ensures optimal signal strength, range, and clarity, making them indispensable in both transmitting and receiving data wirelessly.