Q: Who was the first Indian scientist to receive the Nobel Prize in Physics?  

C. V. Raman was the first Indian scientist to receive the Nobel Prize in Physics. Born in 1888 in Tiruchirappalli, India, Raman made significant contributions to the field of light scattering.

In 1930, Raman was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery of the "Raman effect." He demonstrated that when light interacts with matter, a small fraction of the light undergoes a change in wavelength due to the scattering of photons. This groundbreaking discovery provided insight into the behavior of light and its interaction with molecules, leading to advancements in the study of molecular structure and spectroscopy.

Raman's work laid the foundation for Raman spectroscopy, a technique that enables the identification and characterization of substances based on their molecular fingerprint. His Nobel Prize recognized his pioneering research and its impact on the field of physics and related disciplines.