PHP Conditional Assignment Operators: Efficient Variable Assignments
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Table of Content:
The PHP conditional assignment operators are used to set a value depending on conditions:
| Operator | Name | Example | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| ?: | Ternary | $x = expr1 ? expr2 : expr3 | Returns the value of $x. The value of $x is expr2 if expr1 = TRUE. The value of $x is expr3 if expr1 = FALSE |
| ?? | Null coalescing | $x = expr1 ?? expr2 | Returns the value of $x. The value of $x is expr1 if expr1 exists, and is not NULL. If expr1 does not exist, or is NULL, the value of $x is expr2. Introduced in PHP 7 |
Example: ?: Ternary
Code:
<span class="pln"> </span><span class="dec"><!DOCTYPE html></span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="tag"><html></span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="tag"><body></span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun"><?</span><span class="pln">php </span><span class="com">// if empty($user) = TRUE, set $status = "unknown"</span><span class="pln"> echo $status </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">empty</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">$user</span><span class="pun">))</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">?</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"unknown"</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"logged in"</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln"> echo</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">"<br>"</span><span class="pun">);</span><span class="pln"> $user </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"Rambo Azmi"</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="com">// if empty($user) = FALSE, set $status = "logged in"</span><span class="pln"> echo $status </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">empty</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">$user</span><span class="pun">))</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">?</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"unknown"</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"logged in"</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">?></span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="tag"></body></span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="tag"></html></span><span class="pln"> </span>
Output:
The above code will produce the following result-
<span class="pln"> unknown logged </span><span class="kwd">in</span><span class="pln"> </span>
Example:
Code:
<span class="pln"> </span><span class="dec"><!DOCTYPE html></span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="tag"><html></span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="tag"><body></span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun"><?</span><span class="pln">php </span><span class="com">// if empty($user) = TRUE, set $status = "unknown"</span><span class="pln"> echo $status </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">empty</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">$user</span><span class="pun">))</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">?</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"unknown"</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"logged in"</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln"> echo</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">"<br>"</span><span class="pun">);</span><span class="pln"> $user </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"Rambo Azmi"</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="com">// if empty($user) = FALSE, set $status = "logged in"</span><span class="pln"> echo $status </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">empty</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">$user</span><span class="pun">))</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">?</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"unknown"</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"logged in"</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">?></span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="tag"></body></span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="tag"></html></span><span class="pln"> </span>
Output:
The above code will produce the following result-
<span class="pln"> unknown logged </span><span class="kwd">in</span><span class="pln"> </span>
No Questions Data Available.
No Program Data.